Florida's first state nature preserve, Paynes Prairie Preserve, covers about 22,000 acres. The northern section is found just south of Gainesville, and nearby Micanopy park visitors will find the southern district. The state park, also designated as a National Natural Landmark, consists of a broad savannah or prairie basin, surrounded by uplands. The basin was formed when a cluster of sinkholes expanded and eventually joined together. Far from the typical Florida landscape, the huge basin spreads out as far as the eye can see and its 25 distinct habitats harbor a diverse array of wildlife.
   Written history of the Paynes Prairie Preserve dates all the way back to the 1600s, when Spanish Floridians operated the territory's largest cattle ranch. During the 1880s, the prairie land was home to band of Seminole Indians, originally from central Georgia. Having a great dislike for the Spanish, Chief Ahaya, the Cowkeeper, lead a small band of followers to the Spanish held savannah in hopes of a confrontation. Eventually the area took on the name of the chief's eldest son, Payne. During this period, American bison, wild Spanish horses and cattle roamed the lush prairie.
   Today, the preserve is a haven for over 270 bird species and is noted as a gateway site for the Great Florida Birding Trail. Bison have also been reintroduced into the area. The small herd, originating from Oklahoma, may be spotted on Cone's Dike Trail, one of eight named trails in the park. Wild horses may also be spotted along this four mile trail. Remnants of the 20th century Camp Ranch are found on the La Chua Trail, which connects to the Gainesville-Hawthorne State Trail. A 50 foot observation tower near the visitor center provides a panoramic view of the preserve's southern section.

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